Intelligence and scientific expertise
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract In this article we develop a pragmatist-inspired notion of intelligence that should lead to better understanding the scientific expertise. The is drawn from Dewey and therefore used here in its technical sense. Our thesis knowledge necessary but not sufficient condition for expertise; also be added. Conceived as capacity apply general particulars, reach conclusion requirement experts wake Dewey’s logic inquiry. particular, argue an all-important task are asked accomplish, which puts their expertise test, transform indeterminate situations into problematic situations, such goal can only achieved if succeed paying attention all contingent precarious aspects make situation they face unique.
منابع مشابه
Religious Belief, Scientific Expertise, and Folk Ecology∗
In the United States, lay-adults with a range of educational backgrounds often conceptualize species change within a non-Darwinian adaptationist framework, or reject such ideas altogether, opting instead for creationist accounts in which species are viewed as immutable. In this study, such findings were investigated further by examining the relationship between religious belief, scientific expe...
متن کاملThe Paradox Of Proof And Scientific Expertise
In this paper I criticize the current standards for the acceptability of expert testimony in current US legislation. The standards have been the subject of much academic literature after the Frye and Daubert cases. I expose what I call the Paradox of Proof, and argue that the historical and current standards have sidestepped the problem of determining who is an expert and who is not in a court ...
متن کاملGeneral and Specific Expertise in Scientific Reasoning
Previous research on scientific reasoning has shown that it involves a diverse set of skills. Yet, little is known about generality of those skills, an important issue to theories of expertise and to attempts to automate scientific reasoning skills. We present a study examining what kinds of skills psychologists actually use in designing and interpreting experiments. The results suggest: 1) tha...
متن کاملScientific Theories and Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence presents an important paradigm shift for science. Science is tradition10 ally founded on theories and models, most often formalized with mathematical formulas 11 handcrafted by theoretical scientists and refined through experiments. Machine learning, 12 an important branch of modern Artificial Intelligence, focuses on learning from data. This 13 leads to a fundamentally ...
متن کاملArtificial Intelligence and Scientific Creativity
There has been much recent success for AI systems undertaking creative tasks in scientific domains such as astronomy, biology, medicine, chemistry, physics and mathematics. In many scientific domains, we can build on the wealth of philosophical and computational studies into creative aspects of human intelligence, and use the abstract nature of the data to derive specialist algorithms for disco...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Synthese
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['0039-7857', '1573-0964']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-03513-4